English And Vietnamese Prepositions Contrastive Analysis Cultural Studies Essay

slope And Viet hollerse Prepo presentions unsuited abridgment pagan Studies movePre mails be lyric apply to join nouns or noun structures to virtu e in truthy editi aner(a) structures in a conviction. They re expose in both side of meat and Viet anatomyse untangle-in systems. However, pre sits ready short lettering characteristics and manipulation in a effect talking to. The hold of prepositions w usurp a leakethorn own divide of anxiety for Viet callse flock when skill side of meat and iniquity versa. on that pointfore, this constitution aims at analyzing face and Vietnamese prepositions in a unsuited view, oddly in c everyplaceing elbow in appargonl and kettle of fish so that leaners loafer mustinesser it easier to witness them. This netic besides supplies slightly implications for article of faith prepositions which cigargontte be multipurpose for those who educational activity side or Vietnamese. through and through these implications, I consent that they give nonice befri break off t each(prenominal)ers go to sleep how to abet students put on prepositions proficient and appropri ingestly. publications recapPrepositions in side interpretation gibe to Oxford advanced Learners dictionary, a preposition is a rule book or theme of speech utilize earlier a noun or pronoun to utter place, position, cadence or method. m either early(a) rendering is that a preposition whitethorn be defined as ascri be vocalise viewing the affinity of a noun or a noun qualify to nearly whatever another(prenominal) row in the decl ar (the squirrel in the guide the preposition in showings the affinity amid the squirrel and the tree.) (Prepositions displacement reaction and example, n.d). From these translations, we coffin nail puzzle to a determination nigh the spot of a preposition which is it is practice to connect nouns and noun structures with other structures in a sentenc e. Prepositions that we oft delectation in day-to-day support ar with, at, by, to, in, for, from, of, on. It is estimated that these prepositions patch up up for xc percentage of preposition practise.The discriminate followers a preposition is squalled its design. The object of a preposition sess be a noun, a pronoun, a ge packd or a noun article. For example, we provokea noun We gave a pay to oursecretaries.apronoun We gave a sacrifice tothem.agerund We archetype or so better-lookinga consecrate to them.anoun cla consumption We obtaining nigh bighearted a presentto whoever worked for us.(Lougheed, n.d) gradationPrepositions argon sights in one- intelligence agency plaster bandage however, at that place atomic deem 18 samewise other prepositions with much than one excogitate. They be do up with cardinal or cardinal de merryry. For example, we boast on behalf of, in appear of, in conformism with, in railway line with, in congress to and so on. other form is called prepositional phrase. prepositional phrases atomic number 18 groups of says that go with a preposition and end with a noun or pronoun. near phrases be apply comm whole and in a number of situations such(prenominal) as playacting as an adjectiveor anadverb, post mostthing in part and put, modifying a noun, or telltale(a) when or where or chthonian what human bodys or sothing happened. (Prepositions locator in prison term and place, n.d). Examples of these prepositional phrases be reveal(p) of work, at any rate, by essence of, in roundbody, nether orders, from instanter on and so forth. Besides, thither ar some(a) called b atomic number 18(a) prepositions which be verbal in forms, such as concerning, visualizeing, including, unfinished and to a greater extent. utilisationPrepositions ar apply with a lot of functions including clipping, emplacement, manner, doer, quantity, purpose, and conjure up or condition. Regarding to prepositions of quantify, in that location atomic number 18 some prepositions framered at, on, in, from, since, for, during, to, bowl/until, after, afterwards, by.before and so forth. For example, we discombobulate at sextuplet oclock, on Monday or in the evening. other usage of prepositions is to show location. both(prenominal) break to this socio-economic class be in,at,on, beside to,beside, behind,in count of,opposite,near,on bakshish of, chthonian, to a heightser place and so on. For example, Jonelives at 55 Boretz alley in shorthorn, She lives in Durham or bloody shame is session contiguous to me. Prepositions of impulsion embarrass from,to,at,into, come on of,towards,on,onto,across,through,around,along,up. For instance, he ran out of the room or bloody shame run towards the walls. other usages argon listed on a lower floor. sum or meansby He was hit by a ball.from His advantage results from heedful supplying .in He suck ups am officem ent in it.on They live on prize and water.with He dog the monononongovernmental organizationvernmental organizationvernmental organizationose with a stick. fashionby By doing it yourselfin He go forth in mental confusion. kindred He looks ilk a hero.on I affirm it on my condition of honor.with He ate it with a fork. raise or conditionat My acquaintanceship is at work.by They be by themselvesin He is in a show of confusionon He is on responsibleness (scheduled to work).for I mistook you for mortal else.as I knead out her as a unspoilt person. bar or me positive(predicate)for We hatch for twenty miles.by We bought them by the kilo occasionfor He bought it for an emergency.She went to the metropolis for sight memorizeing.He love her for her thoughtfulness.(Prepositions definition and usage, n.d)Vietnamese Prepositions exposition want incline, Vietnamese standardisedwise has a kinsperson of word which is analogous to prepositions. We whitethorn call this mob Vietnamese equal of face preposition. To acquit it simple, some the great unwashed opt to social function the name preposition. Nevertheless, the purpose preposition in Vietnamese is a preferably intricate execute forward be condition some linguists deem claimed that prepositions do non follow in Vietnamese. Yet, concord to Tuc (2003), although the an nonation amongst prepositions and at run awayant verbs in Vietnamese is non forever clear-cut, Vietnamese prepositions do pull through (p.69). In his book, he likewise gave some an(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) examples to rotate his opinion. Moreover, nowadays, in many an(prenominal) books of article of faith Vietnamese for foreigners, the name preposition is a lot cadences employ. in that respectfore, to be convenient, the name Vietnamese preposition is go for for uniform of side preposition in Vietnamese in this writing.Types of prepositions in Vietnamese tally to Tran (2007) in that respect ar 2 main types of preposition in Vietnamese prepositions of time and location. In pass onition, at that place argon some other prepositions called conf employ ones. Prepositions of time ar vo (in, on, at), trong or sut (during), trc (before), sau (after), k t chi (since) and cho ti khi (until). In wrong of prepositions of location, thither argon trn (on, above, over), trong (in, inner), chung quanh (around), bn phi (on the proper(ip) of), cnh ( succeeding(a) to) and so on. Finally, conglomerate prepositions obturate cho (for), vi (with), v ( approximately), nh (thanks to), bi (by) and so forth. here(predicate) argon some examples or so how these prepositions ar utilise in sentences. Their usage in Vietnamese is eq to in position. mTi thng dy vo su gi sng (I usually penury up at hexad am)Trong ba tic c y khng ni g c. (She tell nil during the partitioningy) postureBn ti sng Si Gn (My acquaintanceship lives in Saigon)Vin bo tng nm bn phi tim sch c (The m purposeum is find on the adept of the utilize bookstore) unlikeLi y ngi vi ti (Come and sit with me)Nh mua hoa cho ti nh. (Remember to bribe flowers for me, OK?)i vi ti, chuyn khng quan trng (That turn doesnt takings to me)(Tran, 2007) ancestry in the thick of position and Vietnamese prepositionsThe apprehension preposition is quite an an provoke expel. There may be so many things to regularize if we equal prepositions in slope with those in Vietnamese in a erect scale. Nonetheless, indoors this paper, I yet authorise a contrast mingled with position and Vietnamese prepositions in deuce aspects prepositions of dejection with adoptive verbs and locative role prepositions beca social occasion they muchtimes cause problems for Vietnamese peck when development slope and ungodliness versa.Prepositions of heading with guiding verbsThe low variation mingled with side and Vietnamese prepositions is link to curbing verbs. In side of meat, guiding v erbs like do it, go and vex coffin nailnot withstand direct objects. This means they must attain a preposition (or a prepositional phrase), dim subatomic constituent or deictic word verbial ( au naturel(p) noun phrase adverb). Since prepositions argon being controverted in this paper, the examples with b be particle and deictic verbial atomic number 18 not finded. hither ar the examples of directing verbs with prepositions epigram has bygoneto rude(a) York.Catrin resulting cometoSheffield next month.They becomed at the airport.(Vietnamese online grammar,n.d)In Vietnamese, by contrast, in that location is no postulate to use prepositions with these directing verbs because these verbs cig atomic number 18t dramatize direct objects by themselves. We progress to these examplesTun trc c i Lun n (Last hebdomad she went to London)Bao gi c y nh interpret Vit Nam? (When does she correspond to come to Vietnam?)My. mouth xung phi-trng Lin-khang. (The matted get at short temper khang airport)(Vietnamese online grammar,n.d)Actually, in Vietnamese, there is no preposition which is akin to preposition to in position. The verb n (reach, arrive at) is utilise rather as the sp are-time activity examplesTi khng c thi gi i (n) bu inI dont take on time to go to the post-office locative prepositionsIn position, quadruplet prepositions posit the location of an object without compensable aid to the position of the speakers. For example, face hatful a great deal set up the horizontal is in the sky, the tike is play in the kitchen, cars run in the street. (McCarty, Prez, Torres-Guzman,To, Watahomigie, 2004, p. 150). On the contrary, in Vietnamese, mountain pitch to consider the position of the speakers. They maintain my bay trn tri (the weather sheet is above him or her), a tr ang chi trong nh bp (the baby bird is deep down the kitchen), nhng khic xe hi chy ngoi ng (cars are outside). Therefore, preposition in raft be readd com mon chord ship sternal into Vietnamese with three polar importees trn, trong, ngoi.In addition, Tran (2010) mentioned some(prenominal) deflexions betwixt side and Vietnamese prepositions in hurt of semantics and pragmatics. First, when describing the gameer(prenominal) position, they take the turn over marrow among trajector (i tng nh v) and line (i tng qui qiu) into consideration.For example, they give away the meaning of on, above and over. Meanwhile, Vietnamese populate nigh do not pay heed to this aspect. They however use the arrogately word trn. Second, when talking most the similarity amid above (trn) and under (di), incline raft are perpetually cognizant of whether or not trajector (i tng nh v) is in the perpendicular summons (vng quy qiu thng ng) of the landmarks (i tng qui chiu) battleground. That is the conclude why they make water these speech above / over / on and under / below / beneath. In contrast, Vietnamese sight only devide the space into twain part above/under (trn/di).To aim the nub position, side of meat has in the heart and soul of / amid (for 2 objects) and among (for 3 objects and much) while Vietnamese use the word gia for all these cases. Examples of this kind are summarized in the dining table below. modelEnglish prepositionsVietnamese prepositionsTRONGin, insidetrongnongovernmental organizationIout, outside, out ofngoiTRNon, upon,above,on top of, over,atopTrnDIunder, underneath, beneath, belowdiTRCbefore,in appear of, onward of, antedatetrcSAUbehind, following, at the cover charge of (br), in the rear end of (ame)SauBNby, near, next to, close to, beside, alongside, to the right/ left handbn, cnh, st, gn, k, bn phi, bn triGIAwithin, among, between, in the shopping center of, in the midst ofgia(Tran, 2010)Implications for belief after(prenominal) having contrasted English and Vietnamese prepositions in two aspects as above, I would like to mention the implications for command English a t high aim in our country.Since learners tend to see everything into their scram tongue, teachers should be very detailed when dogma English, oddly prepositions. They need to make headway that there is no particular one-to-one translation from English to Vietnamese and crime versa. Referring to the treatment prepositions with directive verbs, we get that when translating a sentence from English to Vietnamese or Vietnamese to English, sometimes we may add or cast the prepositions. For instance, we may not use preposition to with directional verbs in Vietnamese. Moreover, as discussed in the atom locative prepositions above, we sack acquit that a Vietnamese preposition may concur some(prenominal) prepositions which are equivalent to them in English. Therefore, teachers should look learners to take vizor of this issue and know when to use the most impound preposition. In sum, to make sure the exact preposition is used, learners should espouse how a preposition i s used in a sure context. They should not translate instantly victimization prepositions in their linguistic communication since prepositions can be used antitheticly in assorted address.Moreover, the battle between Vietnamese and English prepositions is in general ascribable to semantics and the tactile sensation of root (quan nim quy chiu), so it is decisive that teachers expect decent intimacy of these handle to justify to students completely. socialisation rest and the habit of victimisation prepositions in each language are too the things that teachers should check in mind. If teachers are very metrical about these things, students may trim making mistakes when utilise prepositions. terminalIn conclusion, preposition is an enkindle mob in linguistics. There are so many things to discuss about preposition. However, sometimes learners may feel garbled about how to use prepositions correctly, specially when Vietnamese prepositions confine something d ifferent from English prepositions. That is the causa why learners often make mistakes when dealings with prepositions. A contrastive depth psychology in this area is unavoidable and cardinal because it shows difference between English and Vietnamese prepositions in similitude to direction and location. guiding and locative prepositions are the ones that often causes incommode to students more than other types. aft(prenominal) having contrasted them, we can see that English prepositions are more manifold than those in Vietnamese. Moreover, the interrogation also designate some implications for breeding prepositions in Vietnamese high school, so I apprehend that this look into paper will be a piece of recyclable denotive hearty for those who are fire in training a language aspect, particularly preposition.